Who was the presidential advisor to Wilson, FDR, and Truman who helped popularize the term Cold War and proposed international cooperation and joint control of atomic weapons and energy?

• A. George Kennan
• B. Bernard Baruch
• C. Henry Kissinger
• D. Dean Acheson

Answer: (B)

Bernard Baruch was a trusted adviser to Woodrow Wilson and later to Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman. He helped shape early Cold War thinking by framing the U.S.–Soviet rivalry as a prolonged struggle that would be fought with diplomacy and economic pressure rather than direct war. He also championed international cooperation on atomic energy, proposing the Baruch Plan to place atomic weapons and energy under international control and supervise them through a United Nations authority. The aim was to prevent nuclear proliferation while allowing peaceful use of atomic energy. This combination of advising three presidents and advocating for joint international control of nuclear power fits the description best. The other figures played important roles in later years or in different capacities, but they do not match both the advisory lineage and the specific nuclear-control proposal described.