The Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance (1950) was primarily a treaty between the USSR and which country?

• A. United States
• B. China
• C. Japan
• D. United Kingdom

Answer: (B)

This question tests understanding of postwar alliance politics and bilateral treaties. The Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance signed in 1950 was a formal pact between two states—the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China—establishing mutual defense and broader cooperation as part of early Cold War alignment. It was not an agreement with the United States, Japan, or the United Kingdom. The treaty solidified their partnership, outlining mutual aid in case of aggression and various economic and strategic commitments, reflecting the USSR’s aim to stabilize a socialist bloc in Asia while China sought Soviet support after the civil war. Over time, relations later cooled, but the 1950 treaty marks the official bilateral linkage between the two powers.